Study on the possible mechanism of Shoutai pill in the treatment of unexplained recurrent abortion

Fang Fang, Xiaoyong Chen, Lili Hu, Jia Xu, Xiaojian Xia

Abstract

This study investigates the therapeutic mechanism of Shoutai Pill in treating unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Clinical samples from affected individuals and healthy pregnant women were analyzed, alongside animal models and primary cell cultures. The results demonstrated that Shoutai Pill reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferons alpha and gamma, while enhancing the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 and antiviral proteins including interferon-induced protein 44-like, radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2, and bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2. In vitro, serum containing Shoutai Pill increased decidual cell viability and significantly decreased apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis identified key regulatory genes—proline dehydrogenase, serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 2, and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4—implicating the PI3K-Akt and Notch signaling pathways. These findings suggest that Shoutai Pill exerts a protective effect by modulating immune responses, enhancing antiviral defense, and maintaining decidual cell stability. This multi-tiered approach provides mechanistic evidence supporting the clinical potential of Shoutai Pill as an adjunct therapy for unexplained recurrent abortion.

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