The Prevalence of Dual Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis C Virus (HIV/HCV) Infection in Asymptomatic Pregnant Women in Benin City, Nigeria
Abstract
Concerted efforts have been made to combat HIV infection in Nigerian. By contrast, much less attention has been paid to hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. These viruses have similar immuno-epidemiology. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV/HIV dual infection among 269 antenatal attendees at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in southern Nigeria. The study was prospective and cross-sectional and consisted of the analysis of the sera of the participants for anti-HCV and HIV antibodies using ELISA. The result showed that 1.86% samples were HCV antibodies positive while 8.30% were seropositive for HIV-1 antibodies. There were no cases of dual infections. The HIV positive women and their babies had antiretroviral therapy. We conclude that dual HCV/HIV infection in pregnancy in Nigeria may be uncommon but suggest multicenter studies to determine the national prevalence while initiating strategies for their prevention (Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13[2]:97-108).
RĖSUMĖ
Prévalence du double virus immuno-déficitaire humain/l’infection hépatite virale C (VIH/HVC) chez les femmes enceintes asymptomatiques. On a fait des efforts concertés pour combattre l’infection du VIH au Nigéria. Par contre, on consacré beaucoup moins d’attention à l’hépatite virale C (HVC). Ces virus ont la même immuno-épidémiologie. Cette étude avait comme objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la double infection du HVC/VIH chez 269 femmes qui se présentaient pour des services prénatals à l’University of Benin Teaching Hospital au sud du Nigéria. Il s’agissait d’une étude prospective et transversale et consistait en analyses des sérums des participants pour l’anti HVC et les anti-corps du VIH à l’aide d’ELISA. Le résultat a montré que 1,86% des échantillons des anticorps du HVC ont été positifs alors que 8,3% ont été séropositifs à l’égard des anticorps du VIH-1. Il n’y avait pas de cas de double infection. Les femmes séropositives et leurs bébés ont subi une thérapie antirétrovirale. Nous concluons que la double infection du HVC/VIH dans la grossesse au Nigéria peut ne pas être commun, mais nous suggérons des études multicentrales pour déterminer la prévalence nationale tout en initiant des stratégies pour leur prévention (Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13[2]:97-108).
KEYWORDS: Pregnancy; HCV; HIV; Coinfection; PMTCT; Nigeria
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