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Effectiveness of open glottis during second stage of labor on maternal and neonatal outcome among primigravid women- A quasiexperimental study

Emi J. Prince(1), Vidya Seshan(2), Divya Raghavan(3), Frincy Francis(4), Gerald A. Matua(5), Sawsan Abuhammad(6),


(1) Griffith University Nathan Campus, Queensland 4111, Austrialia
(2) Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
(3) Maternal and Child Health Department, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
(4) Maternal and Child Health Department, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
(5) Fundamentals and Administration Department, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
(6) Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE; Department of Maternal Child Health and Midwifery Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study evaluated the effectiveness of the open glottis breathing technique during the second stage of labor among 600 primigravida women, randomly assigned to either an open glottis group (n=300) or a closed glottis group (n=300). Participants in the open glottis group received training via 3D animated videos. Results demonstrated a significant impact on perineal integrity, with 20.7% of women in the experimental group reporting an intact perineum compared to just 1.7% in the control group. Additionally, the open glottis group experienced shorter labor durations and a decrease in severe neonatal asphyxia, as indicated by improved APGAR scores compared to the closed glottis group. Statistical analysis using the χ² test revealed a highly significant difference in perineal conditions between the two groups, with a χ² value of 65.7 (p < 0.000). The study also identified a significant association between maternal age, residence, and income with the reduction of perineal tears (p < 0.000). Overall, the findings suggest that the modified open glottis breathing technique effectively prevents perineal trauma, shortens the duration of the second stage of labor, and enhances neonatal outcomes. These results highlight the potential benefits of integrating this technique into labor management practices to improve maternal and neonatal health.

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