Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use in Angola
Abstract
After emerging from decades of civil war, Angola’s economy has rapidly grown, yet its reproductive health outcomes have not improved at a commensurate level. At the time of this study, Angola had one of the highest rates of maternal mortality and fertility in the world. Only 6 percent of women aged 15–49 used contraception, with substantial differences in use and access across the different provinces of the country. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining analyses of a nationwide cross-sectional survey to assess which factors are associated with contraceptive use, with data from qualitative, semi-structured interviews of health care providers and internally displaced women to better understand and illuminate the survey data. High educational level and living in the capital region were strongly associated with contraceptive use, while age below 20 years was negatively associated with use. During qualitative interviews, health professionals commonly mentioned rural living, young age, cultural beliefs, and power imbalances as reasons for not using contraception. Internally displaced women often described difficulty paying for services, lack of nearby services, and limited knowledge of methods as barriers to use (Afr J Reprod Health 2011; 15[4]: 68-77).
Résumé
Facteurs lies à l’utilisation des contraceptives en Angola. Après avoir survécu des décennies de guerre civile, l’économie de l’Angola connaît un accroissement rapide, pourtant les conséquences de santé de la reproduction ne se sont pas améliorées de la même manière. Au moment où s’effectuait cette étude, l’Angola avait l’une des taux de mortalité et de fécondité les plus élevés du monde. Seuls 6% des femmes âgées de 15-49 ans utilisaient des contraceptifs, avec des différences significatives dans l’utilisation et l’accès à travers les diverses provinces du pays. Ce travail se sert d’une approche des méthodes mixtes, tout en combinant les analyses d’une enquête transversale qui couvre le pays entier ; l’objectif est d’évaluer les facteurs liés à l’utilisation des contraceptifs à l’aide des données obtenues des interviews semi-structurées recueillies au sein des fournisseurs de soins de santé et chez les femmes déplacées à l’intérieur du pays pour mieux comprendre et éclairer les données de l’enquête. Le haut niveau de scolarité et de vie dans la région de la ville capitale ont été fortement liés à l’utilisation des contraceptifs alors que l’âge de moins de 20 ans a été lié de manière négative à l’utilisation. Au cours des interviews qualitatives, les professionnels de santé mentionnaient fréquemment la vie rurale, la jeunesse, les croyances culturelles et les déséquilibres du pouvoir, comme des raisons pour le non-usage des contraceptifs. Les femmes déplacées à l’intérieur du pays ont souvent décrit la difficulté éprouvée pour payer les services, le manque des services voisins et une connaissance limitée des méthodes comme constituant des obstacles à l’utilisation des contraceptifs (Afr J Reprod Health 2011; 15[4]: 68-77).
Keywords: Contraception, Angola
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