Knowledge and sexual behaviors: A path towards HIV/AIDS prevention among university students

Frances E. Owusu-Ansah, Akua A. Addae, Christian Amoah, Abubakar A. Raman, Victoria D. Adjei, Esther Ohenewa

Abstract

Despite the world’s commitment to end HIV/AIDS by 2030, the disease is still prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Although awareness is high among the youth, they are the most vulnerable because of their susceptibility to risky behaviors. This cross-sectional correlational study examined HIV/AIDS awareness and sexual behaviors among university students. Nine hundred and ten (910) students, attending an annual health screening exercise, were conveniently sampled to participate in the study by completing a structured questionnaire (Behavioral Surveillance Survey) in addition to socio-demographic information. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 to obtain descriptive statistics. Results indicated that HIV/AIDS awareness is very high however, a sizable number of participants engaged in risky sexual behaviors inconsistent with their knowledge. There was a significant positive relationship between students’ awareness of HIV/AIDS and their perception of the influence of the awareness on sexual behaviors. Yet, there was no relationship between awareness and actual sexual behaviors and HIV/AIDS attitudes. While students believed that their awareness positively influenced their sexual choices, the actual behaviors and attitudes were inconsistent with the awareness. Implications of findings for HIV/AIDS prevention are discussed. (Afr J Reprod Health 2023; 27 [9]: 117-126).

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